Cancer and the Immune System Essay -- Biology T Cells

Have you ever eaten something without washing your hands or been next to someone who sneezed? If you have then youve been unfastened to millions of germs. The world is full of germs (microorganisms) - things like bacteria and viruses which can make us sick - and simple things like breathing and eating atomic number 18 constantly exposing us to them. Sometimes we get sick, but amazingly enough, most of the time we dont. Our bodys ability to fight off disorder is due to the unthinkable immune system.Several T cells (white) attacking a tumorHowever, at times something goes wrong with the immune system. Everyone gets sick once in a while, and beyond making us ill, there are still many diseases which can kill people. Cancer is a disease which manages to defeat the immune system. But how? For days crab louse immunologists assumed that the cells of the immune system simply couldnt recognize tumor cells. After all, if they could, cancer would be no more serious than the frequent cold. The many people who die each year from cancer seem to support the view that the immune system is blind to tumor cells. However, new observational evidence indicates otherwise. As often happens in science the assumed or most obvious view is not always the correct one. In a study designed to investigate exactly how cancerous cells defeat the immune system, a collaborating group of scientists found some very interesting results. In a Nature Medicine journal article titled Characterization of circulating T cells specific for tumor-associated antigens in melanoma patients they discovered a phenomenon we have dubbed knackered Cells Walking.The first problem was to identify anti-melanoma T cells.To do this they first harvested lymphocytes from the peripheral blood of mela... ... be no cure. The fact that specific TAA cells are present in people with metastatic disease opens up a completely new realm for oncologists. Perhaps new cancer therapies will be aimed at revitalising the anergi c T cells. This would allow physicians to work with the immune system of their patients, and together, maybe the cancer can be defeated. In addition, the study showed that chemotherapy significantly decreased the levels of anti cancer TAA cells. If those cells can somehow be revived, than a standard anti cancer chemotherapy regimen may actually be doing more harm than good. Physicians treat disease with the knowledge they have about how it works. Their treatments then, can only be effective if their knowledge is correct. As a result, studies such as this one, which clarify disease mechanisms, are critical for the continued advancement of the medical profession.