Unit 9 the Welfare System Human Services and Social Policy

The benefit System The Welf ar System teacher Dr. Michelle March HN300-01 DUE 12/20/2011 Instructor Dr. Michelle March HN300-01 DUE 12/20/2011 Franklin Moe, Jr. Human service & Social indemnity Franklin Moe, Jr. Human Services & Social Policy To understand the Welf atomic number 18 System one must know its history. The American salmagundily public assistance musical ar rakement has changed striking on the wholey over the past 80 years. A 100 years ago, families, local communities, and charities typically religious based, served as the rubber eraser profit for those who had fallen on hard times.The Great Depression of the thirty-something would see a change in mixer policy with the sacking of electric chair Roosevelts New Deal establishing Social Security and concern to Dependent Children (ADC. ) Thus was born the American Welf be System. The U. S. public assistance form stayed in the hands of the federal government for the next sixty-one years. many an(prenominal) A mericans were unhappy with the public assistance organisation, claiming that individuals were ab using the welfare weapons platforms by not applying for jobs, having more baby birdren secure to get more aid, and staying unmarried so as to qualify for giganticer benefits.Further expansion came with the Johnsons administration in the 1960s with the organisation of Medicare, Medicaid, Public Housing, and other platforms. During the Reagan presidency it was claimed that mothers with infants should not be allowed to be set about qualified on the welfare clay, and that providing help for children under one year of get on constituted such dependency The welfare organization remained relatively unchanged till 1996 when President Clinton signed a sweeping welfare tame law that is still a hot topic of public argument today. When Clinton was elected he had the intention of changing the welfare system.In 1996 the republican Congress passed a reform law signed by President Clinton that gave the control of the welfare system back to the states. Conservatives claim a dramatic decline in welfare caseloads, while Liberals attribute the decline to a once healthy economy (www. welfareinfo. org). Compared with those of other western industrialized nations, the U. S. brotherly safety crystalise is exceptional in numerous ways. Federal, state, and local governments in the united States spend far little on well-disposed welfare per capita than do peer nations (Schaefer & Simmons, 2009 p. 1). The objective of the welfare system is to address affectionate jobs (www. policyalmanac. org (ND) retrieved 11/27/11). Some argue that the importance of a favorable caper depends on deuce things (1) the power and social status of those who are defining the problem and urging the expenditure of resources toward a solution and (2) the gauze-like number of people affected. Thus, the more people affected and the greater the social power and status of those urging a solution , the more important the social problem (Chambers & Wedel 2009 p. 7).However, it should be understood that social problems are highly versatile and depend on the viewer (Chamber & Wedel 2009 p. 9). There are four points to hire when doing a social problem psychoanalysis 1) Identify the way the problem is defined. 2) Identify the cause(s) to which the problem is attributed (its antecedents) and is most serious consequences. 3) Identify the ideology-the values, that is-that makes the events of concern come to be defined as a problem. 4) Identify who benefits (gains) and who suffers (loses) from the existence of the problem (Chambers & Wedel 2009 pp. 9-10).The welfare system is too complex a subject, and the social problems the system addresses are beyond the scope of this essay. However, I will discuss the address and objectives for creating the welfare system, and address how these serve are distributed. The federal government fork ups assistance through Temporary Assistance fo r Needy Families (TANF). TANF is a grant presumptuousness to each state to run their own welfare programs. The TANF grant requires that all recipients of welfare aid must find make within two years of receiving aid, including single parents who are required to work at least 30 hours per week.Failure to comply with work requirements could result in spill of benefits. Eligibility for a welfare program depends on numerous itemors. Eligibility is adjustd using gross and net income, size of the family, and any crisis situation such as medical emergencies, pregnancy, homelessness or unemployment (www. welfareinfo. org retrieved 12/12/11). A case player is assigned to those applying for aid. They will gather all the necessary information to determine the amount and type of benefits that an individual is eligible for. The new welfare system actively discourages mothers from marrying.As the entire emphasis is now on get the mothers into the workforce, and adding that the period during which they can receive benefits greatly extends if they remain single, the new mutation of the welfare system is both undermining traditional family values and even contribute to the privation level by its continuing focus on memory mothers single and in the workforce. One cannot talk about the welfare system without a focus on child welfare. Child welfare is a broad term that is used to describe the process of protecting children from aversion and neglect.A comprehensive child welfare system usually has twofold components and may involve numerous social services agencies working in concert in a community to stomach a safety net for vulnerable children. In most communities a child welfare services include investigations of child maltreatment, foster care, protective living arrangements for children, counseling, financial assistance, and betrothal programs. The scope and quality of child welfare services varies a great deal from one community to another (www. welfareinfo. or g retrieved 12/13/11). The purpose of the investigative program is to inquire into allegations of abuse and neglect.Many times these referrals are screened out. Many of these investigations do not binge up any grounds of neglect or abuse however, when the children are in imminent riskiness of harm from further abuse or neglect, the children services investigations will turn the case over for placement. Most child welfare services to a fault provide foster care. Foster care can consist of tinge shelters where children are housed for a few hours or days. Foster care parents who loose their homes where children who take away a safe shedn for a few weeks or months, or long term foster care homes where children may stretch out for years.Some child welfare services programs also operate residential programs which are specialized to provide care for children who may suffer from radical emotional and behavioral problems. However, there are more children in need of foster care than there are foster homes and group homes in which to place them, child welfare agencies typically have programs for what is known as family preservation. The purpose of these family preservation programs is to provide intense counseling and support for a multitude of family problems according to The History of the public assistance System (www. voices. yahoo. om retrieved 12/12/11). Families involved in these programs may have a combination of problems that range from substance abuse, domestic violence, emotional problems, severe rational disorders, financial difficulties, and insufficiency of appropriate parenting skills. The family preservation programs provided through the child welfare system helped to storage area children in their homes when the abuse or neglect was relatively mild. When the parents receive the appropriate kinds of support and intervention many of them are able to continue to provide care for their children and support them free of abuse or neglect (www. el fareinfo. org retrieved 12/14/11). Many child welfare programs also incorporate eligibility programs that provide welfare benefits to enable parents who live in privation to apply for regimen stamps, Medicaid, childcare subsidies, housing subsidies, and other assistance to help these parents provide elementary inevitably for their children. The ability to access these services allows many families to feel less stress in taking care of their children, and helps keep children from having their basic needs for food, clothing, and shelter go unmet (www. welfareinfo. org retrieved 12/15/11).Most child welfare services also have programs that arrange for adoption. Adoption is necessary for child welfare programs so that permanent homes can be found for those children whose parents are unable to raise them in a safe healthy environment. The event of parental rights is the last resort for families who are not able to keep their children safe, but this process occurs after all the alter natives that child welfare programs have to offer and have been tried. The welfare system in and of itself is nothing it is a conglomeration of policies and programs.There are three styles of welfare policy analysis the analytic-descriptive, the value-committed, and the value-critical rules (Chambers & Wedel, 2009 p. 44). While recognizing that political occasions will arise during which is essential? The value-committed lift is rejected because it is not open to new data or conclusions. The fact argues for the value-critical style which forces into the open, the transactions of ideology is inherent in the analytic method use. The analytic-descriptive method fails as a policy analysis because it commits the analyst to impossible assumptions.Such assumptions can be unrealistic because any judgment of social programs requires judgment of social worthiness (Chambers & Wedel, 2009, p. 44). Chambers and Wedel explain there are six policy elements which form the cornerstone of every p olicy and program of the welfare system. It is these elements on which the practical social policy analyst in the end will base judgments about a policy or program. The six policy elements are as follows 1. Goals and Objectives 2. Forms of benefits or services delivered 3. Entitlement (eligibility rules) . Administrative or organizational structure for service delivery 5. Financing method 6. fundamental interaction among the foregoing elements These six are without which a policy or program cannot be operated, they are necessary to implement a policy or program within the welfare system (2009, p. 38). Many studies have examined the effect of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA) on employment trends, financial security and family structure, but few have considered the implications for mental health issues.Yet mental health is central to a secernate objective of welfare reform. Results suggest that before PRWORA, welfare recipients did not protest from other slimy women in depressive or alcohol dependence symptoms. ecstasy years after the reform, welfare recipients experience more depressive symptoms than other poor women. This suggests that welfare reform left unusually symptomatic women on rolls. The purpose also suggests that mental health services are critical if welfare recipients are to succeed in making the transaction from welfare to work (Rote & Quandagno, June 2011, p. 29-245). Changes will come over time, administrations will continue to tweak the system here and there in the hopes of coming up with something better than introductory generations. Drug testing may very well be a viable way to control abuse of the welfare system in the future too, welfare policies and programs are a hit and miss kind of thing, and it will be interesting to see what the future holds for the welfare system. scantiness is a phenomenon within a capitalistic society.No amount of financing appropriated for the welfare s ystem will ever be able to wholly eradicate poverty. Some people, no matter how much resources they are given, cannot clout themselves out of the clutches of poverty. This has been proven time after time when poverty stricken people win the lottery and end up worsened off than they were before winning. As long as there is poverty then we can hope at least in the United States of America there is the welfare system to fall back on for the truly needy. References www. welfareinfo. org Schaeffer, H. L. amp Simmons, E. D. The development of an unequal social safety net Journal of Sociology and Welfare, Sep 2009, vol. 36 issue 3, p179-199 www. policyalmanac. org/social_welfare/index. shtml Chambers, D. E. , & Wedel, K. E. (2009). Social policy and social programs A method for the practical policy analyst (5th ed. ). Boston, MA Pearson www. voices. yahoo. com/welfare Rote, S. & Quandagno, J. Depression and Alcohol Dependence among Poor Women Before and After Welfare Reform Social Servi ce Review Jun2011, vol 85 Issue 2, p229-245, 17p.